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Philadelphia (Amman)

Q3805

Philadelphia: orginal capital of the Ammonites, city in the Ptolemaic Empire, one of the towns in the Decapolis, modern Amman (Jordan).

Already occupied in the Neolithic Age: finds at Ayn Ghazel and the Citadel
Late Bronze / Early Iron coffins at the site of the Royal Palace
In the Iron Age occupied by the Ammonites, one the kingdoms on the east bank of the river Jordan (the other ones are Moab and Edom in the south; to the west were Judah and Israel); the site was known as Rabbat Ammon
Fortifications at Rujm al-Malfouf in the west, perhaps against King David
An inscription from the citadel of modern Ammon mentions the supreme god Milkom as ordering a city wall.
Rise of Assyria
853 BCE Coalition at Qarqar
In the third quarter of the eighth century forced to surrender to Tiglath Pileser III

Amman, Raghadan Palace, Coffins

Amman, Iron Age II figurine

Amman, Statue of King Yerah Azar

Amman, Citadel, Statue of an Ammonite King

Until 612 Assyrian, until 539 Babylonian, until 331 Persian
Alexander the Great
Nabataeans remain independent (source); in the end, the Ammonites become Ptolemaic
Ptolemy II Philadelphus refounds the city, perhaps together with Scythopolis
Tobiads
Seleucids
Temple of Heracles